Why does energy storage exist? What is the value of energy storage in the power grid? When energy storage creates value, how should revenue be calculated? What are the business models and cost of energy storage?
At the site of the 2018 International Energy Storage Summit, experts from the energy storage industry, scholars and entrepreneurs spoke with the experts from the Institute of Electrical and New Materials of the China Electric Power Research Institute who came to Xiaokang. vertex.
Thinking from the grid company
State Grid and China Southern Power Grid Corporation, as the country's two largest energy service companies, have done a lot of work on energy layout. On the above questions, representatives from the two companies gave their own answers.
Peng Xiaofeng, deputy director of the marketing center of State Grid Electric Vehicle Service Co., Ltd. said that the development of the energy storage industry cannot rely entirely on state subsidies. “All energy storage industry projects are developed with three points of technology and seven points of policy, but the subsidy policy cannot be relied on as the future development of the energy storage industry.†Peng Xiaofeng emphasized that the development of the energy storage industry must rely on market operation to produce a polymerization effect. To form a business model, this is the future direction of the energy storage industry.
In this regard, Zhao Wei, director of the Institute of Energy Storage Technology of Guangdong Electric Power University, agreed. He introduced that in terms of energy storage applications, China Southern Power Grid focused on the application of energy storage in the field of power distribution.
“Southern Power Grid attaches great importance to the energy storage industry. In September 2016, a special energy storage research team was established.†Zhao Wei said that the energy storage system of the Guangdong Electric Power Grid Institute is mainly responsible for technical support for energy storage technology applications.
"Guangdong power grid development is very uneven. The problem of distribution and low voltage in some areas is outstanding. The problem of user complaints is very serious. It is too late to upgrade the temporary expansion line. Therefore, we discuss the use of energy storage to solve the problem." He pointed out that this year, China Southern Power Grid will Zhanjiang and other places have established pilot projects to solve the problem of low voltage with energy storage. The initial cost will be more than double that of upgrading and upgrading transformers and lines. In addition, energy storage will be used to solve problems such as voltage rise.
Zhao Wei revealed that the simulation system of the Guangdong Power Grid's peaking and FM spot market bidding market has been commissioned for several months and will definitely be on the line this year. The user side, including the power demand side response mechanism, is also under construction, which will play a positive role in promoting the development of the energy storage market.
There is huge room for future development of energy storage.
“Whether it is on the Internet side of large-scale application of new energy, or on the user side with more distributed, there is indeed a demand for energy storage at the technical level.†In the view of Wang Yixue, deputy director of new energy at the Hydropower and Water Resources Planning and Design Institute, At present, a large part of the market for energy storage is concentrated in the electricity market and the FM auxiliary service market.
He said that China's energy storage market is very different from that of foreign countries, as shown in the following aspects. First of all, Wang Yuxue said, "The energy storage market we are talking about now is more about the electricity storage market. For many years, China’s enterprises involved in the construction of the electricity market have been arranged through planning, that is, how many thermal power, hydropower, Pumped storage is not built after the comparison of border costs, which is not the same as foreign markets such as Europe."
Second, our business model is also based on the policy market. “The market price and value of energy storage is not the value of the service provided by energy storage, but the reaction in the pricing market.â€
According to public data, in 2017 China's absolute power generation was 62,758 million kWh. Among them, the national thermal power generation capacity was 461.5 billion kWh, the hydropower generation was 1081.9 billion kWh, the nuclear power generation was 248.1 billion kWh, and the wind and solar power generation were 269.5 billion kWh and 64.8 billion kWh respectively.
“We are thinking about promoting new demonstration projects. For example, solar thermal power generation itself has energy storage, but how to integrate it into the existing mechanism? China’s existing power supply installation is already high, in the process of high-level installation structure adjustment. How to find a real development space for energy storage?"
“In March, during the bidding process of solar photovoltaic projects, some companies have already reported a price of 0.32 yuan per kWh. It is believed that with the rapid decline in the price of photovoltaics and wind power, it will create even greater opportunities for energy storage.â€
Finally, Wang Yuxue emphasized that in the future energy structure, new energy will be the main body of energy increment, and energy storage will be an important cornerstone for the formation of the future energy Internet. "In the next three years, the price of new energy will drop sharply. Under the new technology and model, the new energy revolution system, energy storage will face greater opportunities."
Energy storage affects future power system operation mode
"When everyone talks about energy storage, the most direct role or value that can be seen is to solve the problem of abandoning wind and abandoning light in front of us." In this regard, Jiang Liping, vice president of State Grid Energy Research Institute, is more concerned about the storage. Many unpredictable changes that can be brought about by the promotion and application of technology.
She said that from the traditional power system, the role of the main body between power generation and electricity is very clear. Although energy storage itself is not a power generation resource for producing electricity, nor is it a pure energy unit, Jiang Liping believes that "from the perspective of the role of system operation, it is both a power generation technology and a technology that consumes energy. It cannot be used in traditional ways. The power system identity is positioned."
Moreover, the technical performance of energy storage is constantly improving, and the cost is continuously decreasing. The possible application scenarios can penetrate into all aspects of power generation, transmission and distribution. “After the energy storage is widely applied to the power system, the impacts and changes that may occur on the system, in addition to supporting the service and reducing the abandonment of wind, will also have the greatest impact on the future operation mode of the power system. The impact, including the operational management model and the business model, is the impact on the ecosystem of the system.†Jiang Liping said that the development of new energy must now be accompanied by energy storage technology.
In the future, how can we reflect the value of energy storage?
Jiang Liping also gave his own answer to this question. "We don't have to introduce special policies for energy storage, but we must establish a new ecosystem that can reflect the value of various main technologies. With such a system, energy storage must have its living space, and it must be very good. Living space."
It can be seen that within the framework of the technical and operational management rules of existing systems, the value of providing electricity and electricity is not measured separately. “The power supply in the traditional power system is controllable and schedulable. Traditional power plants provide these two services at the same time in power generation.†Jiang Liping said, but for wind and solar photovoltaic power, the advantage is to provide clean, The energy of zero marginal cost, but the function of flexible and controllable output can only be completed by other technologies such as energy storage. Therefore, Jiang Liping believes that "as long as our electricity market system or management rules can truly reflect the commodity attributes and form a reasonable market segment of power products, then the value space for energy storage will be enormous."
Actively promote the implementation of energy storage technology
Qi Zhixin, director of the Department of Science and Technology Equipment of the National Energy Administration, responsible for organizing the drafting of "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of Energy Storage Industry" (hereinafter referred to as "Guiding Opinions"), sincerely felt that the "Guidance Opinions" jointly issued by the five departments was not easy to come by. It seems that the role of the guidance is mainly "four clear":
First, clarify the policy orientation of encouraging and supporting the development of energy storage. The "Guidance Opinions" fully affirmed the significance of energy storage, judged that energy storage has the basis of industrialization, and clearly encouraged to accelerate the development of energy storage technology and industry. A package of related policies incorporates energy storage. At the same time, some policy directions are needed for further research and improvement.
Second, the identity of the main body of energy storage is clarified. In the form of government documents, the "Guidance Opinion" clarifies the identity of the main body of energy storage and supports the storage of energy storage, which is equivalent to issuing a "temporary identity card" for energy storage.
Third, the investment management mechanism for energy storage has been clarified. The "Guiding Opinions" implement the reform spirit of deepening the "distribution service" and clarify that the independent energy storage project should implement the filing system in principle and not to approve it. Maximize the energy storage investment through “distribution service†to stimulate market vitality.
Fourth, the task of energy storage demonstration is clarified. Focusing on the development of innovation, the pilot demonstration puts forward five tasks, and generally defines the development direction of energy storage.
"With regard to the next step, I feel that the task is very heavy and the responsibility is great." Qi Zhixin said that the next step is to promote the development of energy storage from four aspects: from the height of the energy revolution and the promotion of green energy development. Improve policies and institutional mechanisms. Promote the implementation of the Guiding Opinions and strive to build a fair policy environment for the energy storage industry. The second is to promote the progress of energy storage technology and the cost reduction. The third is to organize the implementation of energy storage demonstration. The fourth is to improve the energy storage standard system.
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