The principle of electric energy conversion of lead-acid battery

The battery is traditionally called a battery. The reason why it has electricity is that it stores the electrical energy and then releases it for use. The process of storing electrical energy is called charging, but the electrical energy cannot be stored directly, but it is converted into chemical energy. The charging principle is to connect the DC power supply to two lead sulfate plates immersed in the electrolyte, and the current is passed. That is, a chemical change is caused; at the end of charging, the electrode that is in contact with the positive electrode of the power source becomes lead dioxide (PbO2). The plate that is connected to the negative pole of the power supply becomes spongy pure lead. The water in the electrolyte is reduced, the sulfuric acid is increased, and the density is increased. At this time, the voltage of the two plates is increased. Lead-acid battery discharge refers to the charging of the positive and negative batteries of the battery to the equipment used for electricity. There is a current output, this process is called discharge; when discharging, the plate and the electrolyte produce the opposite chemical change when charging, that is, from lead dioxide (PbO2), pure lead to lead sulfate. The density of sulfuric acid in the electrolyte is reduced, the moisture is increased, and the voltage between the two plates is lowered. Therefore, by measuring the density of the electrolyte, the degree of charge and discharge of the battery can be known.

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