From an evolutionary point of view, monkeys are not close relatives of humans, but humans and monkeys do share a mysterious common ancestor, but no fossils have been discovered so far. Now, scientists use AI and machine learning to identify and classify the fossils of great apes, hoping to outline what the earliest common ancestor of mankind was like.
The picture above is our intuitive impression of the evolution of human beings from apes to humans. This picture is widely spread and has a great influence, but it is not entirely correct.
There are no monkeys in the evolutionary tree of mankind. Monkeys have tails.
Chimpanzees have no tails, and bonobos are the closest to us. Both of these animals should stand next to humans on the evolutionary map. And before these two kinds of animals, there should be a process of gradual convergence of earlier various species.
The common ancestor of mankind: evolved from the convergence of multiple species
In the end, about 6 to 8 million years ago, these species finally converged into a common human ancestor. And we currently know almost nothing about this common ancestor, nor have we found any fossils of this common ancestor.
The above picture is a common description of the evolution from chimpanzees to humans. This picture is widely circulated, but it is not completely accurate
However, if this common ancestor is used as a convergence point on the evolutionary tree, we have discovered a large number of human fossils at the stage before or after this point.
Now, scientists in California are beginning to use artificial intelligence to identify key parts of the ancestor characteristics of humans and great apes. How did the similar physiological characteristics between humans and great apes cross the long river of time and converge on our earliest common ancestor?
Use AI to identify fossils of great apes and solve puzzles step by step
Researchers used machine learning and AI to identify and classify the fossils of apes teeth 25 million years ago. In this process, AI will carefully investigate and gradually find out the pattern of human evolution.
This study found a tempting hint.
Our common ancestor must have teeth similar to those of gorillas. Of course, this does not mean that our ancestors were gorillas. However, this research does outline some outlines and adds some substance to this mysterious stage of human origin.
In the past, our “guess†template for the appearance and form of our first ancestors has always been chimpanzees. Now, researchers have to reinterpret the knowledge previously acquired.
The research paper states: “For decades, paleontologists have used chimpanzees as a model of the last common ancestor (LastCommon Ancestor, LUCA) of humans, because chimpanzees are the closest primates to humans. However, China The relative tooth ratio of the New Era great apes is more similar to that of the existing gorillas, and the evolutionary trajectories of the two are more similar."
Last common ancestor (LUCA): Also known as the recent universal common ancestor, common ancestor, and original life. It is a hypothesis derived from the theory of evolution. It refers to the most primitive common ancestor of life on earth and is the common origin of all life on earth. The last common ancestor of mankind (LCA) is the origin of all mankind. Source: Wikipedia
Biological anthropologist Dr. Tesla Monson said: “The fossils we find now look different from living creatures today, and the last common ancestor (Last Common Ancestor, LCA) looks very different. But they look more like gorillas. Like some."
"Although we cannot tell exactly what the teeth looked like before we found the fossils, the importance of paleontological excavation became apparent at this time. We can make some assumptions based on the appearance of other great apes."
The difference between the DNA of humans and chimpanzees is only 1.2%. The difference in DNA between humans and gorillas is about 1.6%.
In order to find our earliest common ancestor, there is still a lot of research to be done in the future to find out the appearance in terms of size, body structure and shape.
The study stated: "Machine learning is a powerful tool for pattern recognition in large data sets. We have developed and expanded machine learning methods to use pattern recognition to solve problems in paleoanthropology and evolution."
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