What is decentralization in blockchain

An ideal word that comes to mind when describing blockchain technology is "decentralization". The idea represents a network without a central governing body. The network works through peer-to-peer interactions without the need for any third parties.

What is decentralization in blockchain

To gain a deep understanding of what decentralization is in the context of blockchain, we need to look at centralization.

Definition of Decentralization and Centralization

According to Wikipedia, decentralization is "the process by which the activities of an organization, especially those concerning planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated outside a central, authoritative position or group".

A decentralized setup has multiple points of action, whereas a centralized setup has only one focal point.

In a centralized network, all data and activities go through a central hub. Nothing can be deployed or received without going through this center.

Facebook and Google are two specific examples of centralized platforms.

In a decentralized web, information and activities interact through multiple interconnected points. LimeWire and BitTorrent are great examples of decentralized platforms.

The meaning of decentralization

How important is decentralization? Why do companies and individuals want to pursue it?

There are many reasons for the need for a decentralized solution. There are also many ways to create a decentralized platform. The blockchains used to host some other services, such as Ethereum and NEO, are also decentralized on the same platform.

Regardless of how it is designed, the main goal of decentralization is to give every user in the network an equal footing and complete protection from any internal or external influence.

When it comes to blockchain, one thing that comes to most people's minds is the physical decentralization, or rather the number of computers running in a corporate network.

Are there thousands of computers in the world running blockchain on their machines? Or just a few computers doing this?

If the network has more nodes, with greater geographic diversity, the blockchain will become more decentralized. However, district centralization involves not only the physical level, but also the political level.

A number of entities are involved in district centralization to make it work properly, such as the miners who process and verify all transactions that take place in the network. Every entity is important; therefore, it is difficult for one group to be more important than another, nor is it possible for the system to favor one of them.

The advantages of decentralization

1. No more central authority to control everything

Currently, governments and corporations handle all currency and information in circulation. This is usually not a problem, but in some cases these organizations have violated users' trust by selling valuable data to advertisers. Also, data sometimes goes to waste.

2. Reduce the risk of a single point of failure

A single point of failure during downtime can dramatically impact productivity. For example, when Google encounters technical difficulties, they have to shut down their servers and you cannot access emails or files on Google Drive for a certain period of time.

This usually happens in a centralized network. But in a decentralized platform, even if a single node shuts down, other nodes will not be affected and continue to execute. Therefore, it will not affect your productivity.

3. Reduce censorship

No matter how closely we are connected to the Internet and to each other, governments still have the power to block citizens' use of social media and control the use of other services. In a decentralized network, there is less censorship as data or information is sent and received through a peer-to-peer network.

4. Development is dynamic

Decentralized platforms are open source, and everyone has access to the code they can develop to make it better and more dynamic. Through this important collaboration, better tools and products are created, and there are excellent business opportunities for merchants.

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