On February 27th, the Ministry of Science and Technology announced the “Top Ten Progress of Chinese Science in 2017†in Beijing. Among them, the “Development of Micro-Micro Imaging System for Free State Brain Imaging†project stood out from 270 recommendations and was successfully selected. . Other selected projects include: realization of thousands of kilometer-scale quantum entanglement and key distribution and teleportation; the virus is directly converted into live vaccine and therapeutic drug; the double-twisted baryon is detected for the first time; the triple degenerate fermion is found in the experiment; Low-temperature preparation and storage of hydrogen; development of a new generation of ultra-high strength steel based on coherent nano-precipitation strengthening; multi-particle entanglement state is determined by quantum phase change determinism; new ancient human fossils are discovered in China; precise custom synthesis of yeast long chromosomes.
According to reports, the "Top Ten Progress in China's Science" campaign was led by the Basic Research Management Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and combined with "China Basic Science", "Science and Technology Herald", "Chinese Academy of Sciences", "Chinese Science Fund" and "Science Bulletin" five publications. The editorial department jointly organized and invited experts from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, academicians of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and chief scientists of the 973 Program to conduct the selection. It has been successfully held for 13 sessions.
Liu Min, director of the Basic Research Management Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, said that the top ten progress projects selected were completed from December 1, 2016 to November 30, 2017. The vast majority of selected projects were related to Nature and Science. When the top international publications are published, they are highly regarded by the international academic community and are regarded as “major breakthroughs†or “filling in the gapsâ€.
It is understood that the research and development team of micro-microscopic imaging system that can realize free-state brain imaging is led by Academician Cheng Heping. The multi-disciplinary R&D team of the Institute of Collective Molecular Medicine and the School of Information Science and Technology of Peking University is assembled, and micro-integrated, micro-optical, ultra-fast fiber lasers are used under the support of the National Science and Technology Foundation's major national research instruments. And semiconductor optoelectronics and other technologies, in breakthroughs in the development of high-temporal resolution in-body imaging systems, successfully developed a 2.2-gram miniaturized wearable two-photon fluorescence microscope, the first international record of suspending, jumping, social and other natural behavior High-speed, high-resolution images of mouse brain neurons and synaptic activity under conditions. The project was incubated by Zhongke Chuangxing Investment.
(FIRM-TPM and physical map of experimental animals)
This breakthrough technology will open up new research paradigms to achieve long-term observation of synapses, neurons, neural networks, multi-brain regions and other multi-scale, multi-level dynamic information processing under the natural behavior of animals, so that not only It can "visible" the process of brain learning, memory, decision-making, and thinking. It will also play an important role in visualizing the neural mechanisms of brain diseases such as autism, Alzheimer's disease, and epilepsy. The research results were published in Nature Methods (IF 25.3) in July 2017 and applied for 6 national invention patents and 1 international patent.
(Comparison of imaging quality in neuronal dendrites and dendritic ridge imaging in three modes)
Professor Alcino J Silva, president of the Asian Brain Science Conference at Cold Spring Harbor and the famous American neuroscientist at the University of California, Los Angeles, wrote in a review of Light:Science & ApplicaTIon that "from any standard, this microscope represents a major technological invention. It will certainly change the way we observe cells and subcellular structures in free-living animals. It opens the door and even surpasses the imaging of neurons and dendrites. Systematic neurobiology is entering a new era, that is, through the cells Imaging observations of complex biological events of identifiable cells and subcellular structures in the population provide a deeper understanding of the core engineering principles of evolutionary brain loops to achieve complex behaviors. Undoubtedly, this extraordinary invention allows We have taken a step towards this goal."
In October 2017, Dr. Edvard.I. Moser, winner of the Nobel Prize in Biology or Medicine, visited the interdisciplinary joint laboratory of Peking University's miniaturized two-photon microscope. He praised the miniaturized two-photon microscope and said that it would Providing a "revolutionary" new tool for neuroscience research, especially his research on the spatial localization of the nervous system.
In October 2017, the Science and Technology Daily interviewed Dr. Edmund Tali, the principal of the Coordinating Committee of the US Brain Project, on a series of issues such as the latest development of the US Brain Program. Dr. Edmund highlighted the project in the brain. The role of science.
In August 2017, the National Natural Science Foundation of China sent a briefing to the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, the General Office of the State Council, the National People's Congress, and the Office of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference to report the major scientific research results to the national leaders. It is said that the project will play an indispensable role in achieving the strategic goal of “analysing the brain, understanding the brain, and imitating the brainâ€.
In addition, as one of the representative achievements of the major instrument special projects in recent years, this achievement has also been selected as the “Top Ten Progress of China Life Science in 2017†by the China Association for the Association of Life Sciences, selected by the National Health and Family Planning Commission. The Science and Technology Development Center, together with the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Health News, selected the “Top Ten Medical Science and Technology News of China in 2017â€.
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