2015** Focus: How to prevent pollution + pollution

2015 is not only the year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, but also the first year of implementation of the new “Environmental Protection Law.” Under the new normal situation of economic growth shift, environmental protection has once again become the “strong voice” of the two associations. Premier Li Keqiang of the State Council emphasized in the 2015 government work report that it is necessary to lay a solid battle for environmental governance. In the three major battles of air, water, and soil pollution prevention, how can Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Joint Defense Joint Control solve the problem? How to achieve the ecological restoration of rivers, lakes and seas and the prevention of water pollution? Cultivated land pollution prevention How to introduce third party governance? In the first year of the implementation of the new environmental protection law, how to prevent strict new laws from falling into the "empty law" and how to prevent pollution? This issue of the topic seeks answers to the above environmental issues.

Key tips

In recent years, environmental protection has become a topic of concern and concern for everyone on the Chinese soil. From the government work report of 2014, “Of course, we must resolutely declare war on pollution, like declaring war on poverty.” In the government work report in 2015, “Environmental pollution is the pain of the people’s livelihood, the pain of the people’s hearts, and the need for strong governance”. Once again became the "strong voice" of the two associations.

2015 was the year of the completion of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” environmental protection planning mission. In the new normal where economic development focuses on improving quality and efficiency, Premier Li Keqiang pointed out that energy saving and emission reduction will be In the battle against environmental governance, a total of 697 words were used to talk about environmental protection and energy-saving and emission reduction, which involved pollution control, environmental law enforcement, environmental tax legislation, ecological protection, and industrial development.

According to the government work report, in terms of pollution prevention and control, the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions should be reduced by more than 3.1% this year, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen emissions should be reduced by about 2%, and sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions should be reduced by about 3% and 5% respectively. . Deeply implement the air pollution prevention and control action plan, implement regional joint prevention and control, promote ultra-low emission reform of coal-fired power plants, and promote zero growth in coal consumption in key regions. Implement the water pollution prevention and control action plan, strengthen the control of seawater pollution, water pollution sources, and agricultural non-point source pollution in rivers and lakes, and implement the supervision from the water source area to the tap. Implement environmental pollution third party governance.

In the area of ​​environmental law enforcement, the report pointed out that strict environmental law enforcement should be adopted, and that heavy stealing should be paid to those who sneak in and release the banter, and they should be paid a heavy price. The patience and pamperer should be held accountable and punished accordingly.

In terms of industrial development, on the basis of “building an energy-saving and environmental-friendly industry into a vibrant and prosperous industry” in 2014, this year we will turn the energy-saving and environmental protection industry into an emerging pillar industry.

In terms of ecological protection, Li Keqiang emphasized that forest grasslands and river wetlands are the green wealth that nature has given to humanity and must be cherished. This year we must promote the construction of major ecological projects, expand key ecological function areas, establish demonstration areas for ecological civilization, carry out pilot projects for the comprehensive improvement of land and rivers, and expand the pilots of horizontal compensation mechanisms for upper and lower reaches of the basin to protect the three rivers. Expand the scope of protection of natural forests and orderly stop commercial logging of natural forests. This year, 10 million acres of grassland will be returned to the forest and 90 million acres will be afforested.

Democratic party proposal concerns environmental protection

In the thousands of proposals for the two sessions, environmental protection has become a frequent word, and the proposals of the eight democratic parties also focused on environmental protection. According to the preliminary statistics of 21st Century Business Herald reporters, among the 268 democratic party proposals publicized, environmental protection proposals are about 31. Copies.

In the environmental protection proposal, "Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei" has become the most popular vocabulary. The proposal of the Democratic League Central Committee on Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution in the Coordinated Development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Proposed the establishment of joint prevention and control committees in the three places, establishment of a cross-regional joint supervision and enforcement mechanism, harmonization of pollutant discharge standards and discharge charges, and implementation of emission reduction responsibilities Sharing mechanism.

Similar to the Democratic League Central Committee, the Democratic National Construction Association also proposed the “Proposal on Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Joint Defense to Crack Down the Air Pollution Problem” for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. In this regard, the Agricultural and Labour Party proposed the establishment of a Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei cooperative development ecological environment protection fund, and proposed the implementation of the "Beijing-Tianjin aid and pollution control project."

In the area of ​​water pollution prevention and watershed management, the Agricultural and Labour Party proposed to “enhance water pollution prevention and scientific utilization of water resources” and proposed the establishment of an inter-departmental and cross-regional water pollution prevention and control joint prevention and control mechanism. The Central Democratic Progressive Committee proposed to “strengthen the protection of wetlands on the Yangtze River's old roads and protect the ecological security of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River” and “implement the unified dispatch management of the water resources in the Yangtze River Basin.” It is proposed that the development of the water distribution plan for inter-provincial rivers be fully implemented. The Jiusan Institute also proposed to "strengthen ecological protection of lake basins and comprehensive management of river basins", and "enhanced efforts to effectively protect the water quality of the Middle Route Project of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project of the Hanjiang River Basin."

As regards other important environmental issues, the Central Committee’s “Proposal on Advancing Environmental Governance in the New Urbanization Process” proposed by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China recommends the establishment of a national-level ecological blacklist system and a time-limited retroactive mechanism for environmental responsibility for urbanization projects. The Agricultural and Labour Party proposed that "the top-level design of environmental taxation policies should be accelerated to establish an environmental tax system." The Jiusan Institute proposed to "make a good preparation for the top-level design of natural resources balance sheet." The Taiwan Alliance has proposed "accelerating the development of green finance and boosting industrial upgrading," and "accelerating the construction of a policy environment assessment system to reduce the environmental risks of government decisions." The NLD has proposed "reducing engineering projects to destroy the natural ecology."

Among the 31 environmental protection proposals submitted by the Democratic Party, in addition to the aforementioned proposals, proposals for soil pollution control, solid waste treatment, wetland protection, soil and water conservation, and related industrial development were also involved.

Representatives, members of the environmental sound

During the two sessions, deputies to the National People's Congress and members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference proposed suggestions for the environmental protection during the new period in which the pollution situation was severe and the economic growth slowed down. According to relevant media reports from the two associations, the two committees were selected for environmental protection:

Chen Min, deputy director of the National People's Congress and deputy director of the Guangdong Provincial Environmental Protection Agency, believes that "source anti-pollution + iron wrist cleaning" is the highest level of environmental protection work.

Chen Guoying, deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Hebei Environmental Protection Agency, pointed out that “the key points and difficulties in the future of environmental protection are in townships and townships.”

In the aspect of atmospheric governance, Chen Guoying said that the government can't manage their own affairs. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integrated ecological environment must go first, and the three places must unify standards, supervise, and enforce the law as soon as possible.

According to the current pollution situation, Gao Jixi, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Environmental Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, believes that "water and soil pollution must be more concerned than air pollution."

Hu Hanping, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Agriculture, pointed out: "In terms of soil pollution and atmospheric pollution, soil pollution is more subtle, lagging, and irreversible, and soil remediation is imminent."

Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) Luo Shaming proposed to set a fixed-datum project with water to determine the location of the city. It is proposed to implement dynamic management of different water resources, comprehensively implement a strict assessment of the water resources system, and refine the water resources shortage and emergency response to water pollution. Event handling plan.

In terms of environmental law enforcement, Zhang Quan, deputy to the National People's Congress and director of the Shanghai Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, said: “The illegal enterprises must not only impose excessive punishment, but some obvious illegal acts, such as black smoke and unorganized emissions, can be directly punished. No complicated process such as monitoring is required."

Jia Kang, director of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Finance, suggested that environmental tax legislation be accelerated, and the attribution and use of environmental taxes should be more tilted toward the local level.

Li Daokui, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and professor of economics at Tsinghua University: "China should turn environmental governance into an economic growth point."

In building the energy conservation and protection industry into a new pillar industry, Song Li, director of the Economic Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, believes that “the government should help the environmental protection industry to open up the market.”

Guo Guangchang, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Chairman of Fosun Group, suggested that domestic policy banks or commercial banks give further special support to the development of the environmental protection industry. Build a national "green bank" as early as possible to support the development of the environmental protection industry.