Shanghai Jinma technical Q & A: the difference between radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunoassay

EL-C1600N100013-B

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Let me talk about the difference:

(1) Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is covalently cross-linked to an antibody or antigen by a radioactive molecule, and the radioactive signal of the radioactive molecule is measured after the immunological reaction to quantitatively detect the corresponding antibody or antigen, and can be used for the determination of viruses, bacteria, A variety of antigens and antibodies such as parasites, tumors, and small molecule drugs. Because of its good specificity, high sensitivity, automatic instrumentation, easy operation, and simple sample preparation, it has been widely used in many fields since its inception in the late 1950s. However, in this method, the operator needs to contact the radioactive material, which may damage the operator's body, and the disposal of the radioactive material after the measurement is completed is also a serious problem.

(2) Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) is an immunoassay method that combines the specific immune response of an antigen and an antibody with the high-efficiency catalysis of an enzyme. The specific enzyme is labeled on the antigen or antibody, and after the immune reaction, the color or absorbance of the colored product produced by the enzyme-catalyzed substrate can be conveniently determined by visual observation or by simple optical means. In this method, the enzyme labeling reagent is easy to prepare, stable in properties, long in effective period, and overcomes the disadvantages of radioisotope to the operator in radioimmunoassay and the complicated instrumentation required in fluorescence immunoassay, and maintains the sensitivity of radioimmunoassay. Currently the most widely used immunoassay technology in clinical testing.

Our opinion:

Although ELISA is not as sensitive as radioimmunoassay, the units that can be exonerated are gradually reduced and unsafe. And now in more and more literature, the detection method has chosen ELISA, so using ELISA to do it, the results are credible, and will not be questioned by others. I recommend using ELISA.

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